The Miami Herald
http://www.miami.com/c/community/people/gay_and_lesbian/locdocs/039242.htm

Foster parent challenges state ban on gay adoption

BY GAIL EPSTEIN NIEVES
gepstein@herald.com

The state has begun proceedings to remove a 10-year-old foster child from the only father he has ever known, a man who is challenging Florida's ban on adoptions by gays.

Steven Lofton -- a gay man two years into a legal battle to adopt his foster son -- was notified in a call last month from the Department of Children & Families. ``Because you are unable to adopt [John Doe] at this time,'' counselor Andrea Owes told Lofton, ``I will have to proceed with recruiting a family for him.''

Lofton's lawyers couldn't believe the irony: Lofton, a pediatric nurse, has raised the boy since the age of 2 months. Lofton has gone to federal court to overturn the ban on adoptions by gay men and lesbians. And now the state wants to place the child elsewhere even as some 3,400 children languish in foster care throughout Florida.

``He's caught in this trap,'' said lawyer Christina Zawisza, legal director of the Children First Project, who represents Lofton's foster son and a second foster child in the federal lawsuit against the Department of Children & Families.

Florida's law, adopted in 1977, leaves it as one of only two states that prohibit adoptions by gay men and lesbians. The other is Mississippi. The law is under constitutional challenge by the American Civil Liberties Union and the Children First project, which contend that the policy works against the best interests of children by excluding an entire group of otherwise qualified people from adopting them.

The department argues that it's carrying out the wishes of the Florida Legislature and that there is no ``fundamental right'' to adopt.

The department's bid to find a new family for Lofton's foster son was disclosed Friday during a court hearing in Miami, although the issue was not the focus and no explanation was offered.

AGENCY'S GOAL

LaNedra Carroll, spokeswoman for Children & Families in Tallahassee, said the pending litigation restricted her comments but that in general, the agency's goal is to seek permanent homes for foster children.

``And if there is a case where a child is being removed from a foster home, that would indicate permanency is not an option in that foster home,'' she said.

In an interview after the hearing, Leslie Cooper, an ACLU lawyer, said she had written the agency's lawyers ``asking for assurance that Mr. Lofton's child would not be removed during pendency of this case. They responded that they couldn't guarantee that.

``The only assurance they would give is that he wouldn't be removed until they found a suitable adoptive family,'' she said. ``You can imagine how that went over.''

Asked why the department could not wait until the lawsuit was decided, Carroll said: ``You're asking me to comment specifically on the case. I don't have anything more. This is a huge lawsuit that does involve the department.''

Carroll said the agency would never take punitive actions against a foster parent because that parent ``exercised his right to file suit against this department.''

Reached in Oregon, where he lives with his foster son by special agreement with the state of Florida, Lofton deferred to his lawyers. ``I can't comment at this point, thank you,'' he said.

ASKED FOR MEETING

Lofton's lawyers said they have asked Children & Families for a meeting to explore other options.

Lawyers on both sides of the lawsuit came to court Friday to argue a motion by Children & Families for a summary judgment, or dismissal under the law. Attorney Casey Walker of Vero Beach argued for the state. Cooper, Zawisza and the ACLU's Randall Marshall of Miami argued for the plaintiffs.

U.S. District Judge James Lawrence King called the controversy``one of the very difficult social issues'' and said he could take up to a month to rule. If he denies summary judgment, the case would proceed to trial.

While Florida bars adoption by gay men and lesbians, it doesn't bar them from being foster parents. Lofton and his partner Roger Croteau have cared for three foster children who tested positive for HIV at birth. The two received an award as outstanding foster parents -- but they can't adopt those children.

Doug Houghton of Miami, another plaintiff in the case, took in his foster son Oscar almost six years ago, when the boy was just 3 and his biological father couldn't care for him anymore. Houghton, too, wants to adopt the child, writing in The Herald last month: ``My son has had enough uncertainty in his life, and he deserves better.''

Two other gay foster parents -- Wayne Smith and Daniel Skahen -- also are named plaintiffs who eventually would like to be evaluated for suitability to adopt.

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